pm mp mb tn nt nd kŋ ŋk ʔm ʔn ʔp ʔt ʔk ʔŋ ʔr ʔh ʔw ʔj hp ht hk hm hn hŋ hw hj Pj* Pw Nj Nw hj hw rj rw Pr pt pk tk tp bd db md mk mt ŋd ŋt pp bb tt dd kk mm nn ŋŋ rr ww jj
*P=p b t d k
Vowel allophony
/a ɨ/ are pronounced [ɛ i] <e i> next to /j Cj jC/. /h ʔ/ do not block this rule, other consonants do.
/a ɨ/ are pronounced [ɔ u] <o u> next to /w Cw wC/. /h ʔ/ do not block this rule, other consonants do.
/aɨ ɨa/ are pronounced [a̝ːᶤ ɨ̠ːᵃ] <aɨ ɨa>, /jaɨ jɨa aɨj ɨaj/ [(j)ɛ̙ː (ɲ)ɛ̙̃ː æ̃ɘ̯̃(ɲ) æɘ̯(j)] <yaɨ e̱e̱ a̱ɨ̱ ɨay> and /waɨ wɨa aɨw ɨaw/ [(w)ɔ̘ː (w̃)ɔ̘̃ː ɒ̃ø̯̃(w̃) ɒø̯(w)] <waɨ o̱o̱ o̱e̱ ɨaw>
/an ɨn/ are pronounced [ɛ̃(n) ĩ(n)] <e̱ i̱> next to /j Cj jC/. /h ʔ/ do not block this rule, other consonants do.
/an ɨn/ are pronounced [ɔ̃(n) ũ(n)] <o̱ u̱> next to /w Cw wC/. /h ʔ/ do not block this rule, other consonants do.
Otherwise, /an ɨn/ are pronounced [ã(n) ɨ̃(n)] <a̱ ɨ̱>
Consonants in parentheses are pronounced only before/after a vowel.
Consonant allophony
/p b t d k/ and are pronounced [b β d ð ɡ z] intervocalically. /pt bd/ is pronounced [ps bz] <ps bs> intervocalically.
/t/ is pronounced <s> before . This rule overrides the rule before.
/tj dj/ are pronounced [ʧ ʤ]. This rule overrides the rule before.
I like the consonantal allophony here. Wouldn't it be easier to reformulate them as somehow ordered though?
Also another question:
Is /Vti/ pronounced as [Vsi] or as [Vzi]?
Creyeditor "Thoughts are free." Produce, Analyze, Manipulate 12344 Ook & Omlűt & Nautli languages & Sperenjas
Papuan languages, Morphophonology, Lexical Semantics
Creyeditor wrote:I like the consonantal allophony here. Wouldn't it be easier to reformulate them as somehow ordered though?
Also another question:
Is /Vti/ pronounced as [Vsi] or as [Vzi]?
tema:rmim ketu:tu pa:kipa:ki tep
[təˈmɑ̃́ːnːmẽ̀m kəˈɾúːɾò ˈpɑ́ː.èˌpɑ́.è tβ̩]
t-ema<:>r-mim ketu:~tu pa:ki~pa:ki tep
COP-talk<NOM>-NMLZ this~TOP good~INT PRS
/ʔ p r t k l m/ <' p r t k l m> /u i ə a/ <u i e a> /ˈá a/ <a: a>
/m/ spreads nasalization on the following vowel, which in turn nasalizes following /r l/ into [nː n].
Some speakers elide /ə/ before /β/ if the /β/ isn't followed by a vowel.
Pitch accent is basically V[+high]...CV# -> V[+high]...CV[+low]#, if there are vowels between, they're mid.
/ʔβ ʔɾ ʔɣ/ are pronounced [p t k].
/ɣ/ is sometimes pronounced /j/ or elided before /i/.
/β/ is sometimes pronounced /w/ or elided before /u/.
/ʔr/ is pronounced [t͡ɾ].
Vowels with low tone are lowered.
Last edited by opipik on 09 Nov 2019 17:59, edited 1 time in total.
/p t̪ t k ʔ/ <p t ṭ k ˀ>
/m n̪ n ŋ/ <m n ṇ ng>
/r/ <r>
/s ɕ/ <s s̃>
/ts tɕ/ <c c̃>
/w l̪ l j/ <w l ḷ y>
/i u ɛ ɔ a/ <i u e o a>
/iː uː eː oː aː/ <í ú é ó á> (only in stressed syllables)
there's pitch accent
/áː àː/ <á â>
/á à/ <ǎ à>
CVC, but nasal nuclei are permitted word-initially
Nasals are syllabic word-initially before a consonant and can carry stress.
vocab:
Spoiler:
at-os̃ǎl [ɐ̀t̪ɔ̀ˈɕáɫ̪] n1. chief
êˀs̃i [èːɕì] v. to think
néśri [ɲéːɕrì] v. to look
ṇâ [náː] num. one
n-áˀni adj. [ˈn̪áːʔn̪ɪ̀] different
pen-ǒs̃u [pɛ̀n̪ɔ́ɕʊ̀] n3. name
Noun classes:
1: masculine humans and animals, a, at before a vowel
2: feminine humans and animals, ku, kun before a vowel
3: abstract things, pe, pen before a vowel
4: concrete things, n always!