Proto-Kalian

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Jonnyboi17
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Proto-Kalian

Post by Jonnyboi17 »

Hello everyone, I have a conlang called Proto-Kalian. This is actually my first protolanguage, in which I plan to diachronically create languages from it, called the Kalian family. The language is inspired by PIE and Semitic languages.

Phonology
Consonants:
/p t k b d g/ p t k b d g
/m n/ m n
/s z ħ θ ð/ s z h θ θ*
/j w r l/ y w r l
/ʔ/ ʔ

Vowels:
/a e i o ʊ/ a e i o u

* /ð/ is an allophone of /θ/.

Grammar
Nouns
Nouns have three cases: Nominative, Accusative, and Genitive. All verbs are inflected by number, gender, and case. There are three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter, as well as three numbers: singular, dual, and plural.
Here are some examples:
Kinadi (girl)
Nominative
Sing- kinadi
Dual- kinadina
Plu- kinadilam
Accusative
Sing- kinadin
Dual- kinadinar
Plu- kinadilamra
Genitive
Sing- kinadiay
Dual- kinadinay
Plu- kinadilamay

Hanerub (man)
Nominative
Sing- hanerub
Dual- hanerubiza
Plu- hanerubal
Accusative
Sing- hanerubin
Dual- hanerubizar
Plu- hanerubar
Genitive
Sing- hanerubay
Dual- hanerubizay
Plu- hanerublay

Alpa [ox (general)]
Nominative
Sing- alpa
Dual- alpalay
Plu- alpalawi
Accusative
Sing- alpan
Dual- alpalair
Plu- alpalawir
Genitive
Sing- alpai
Dual- alpalayay
Plu- alpalaway
Hanerawi dulekiay
“People of Heaven”
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Jonnyboi17
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Re: Proto-Kalian

Post by Jonnyboi17 »

I’ve also been thinking about doing ablautization and umlautization, in which the second or third syllable’s vowel is deleted, therefore shortening the noun or verb.
Ex:
Hanerub (man) would be, in the nominative, like this:
Hanrub
Hanrubiza
Hanrubal
This would lead to the lengthy genitive inflections to be:
Hanrubay
Hanrubizay
Hanrublay
Or
Hanerbay
Hanerbizay
Hanerblay

I don’t know, just let me know what you guys think.
Hanerawi dulekiay
“People of Heaven”
idov
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Re: Proto-Kalian

Post by idov »

Just a heads-up. [] is used for phones; // is used for phonemes, that is the underlying sound. So I think that would be:
* [ð] is an allophone of /θ/.

Apropos, what triggers this sound change? If it's realized as such when intervocalic, you'd expect for example ħ > ʕ in the same environment.

Otherwise, I like what there is, especially the suffixes that are not quite fusional, not quite agglutinative.
And if I know these fora, they will be all for non-concatenative stuff like vowel deletions, especially if you plan to make daughter languages with a Semitic feel.
The accusative of <emo> is <eminem>. :lat:
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Jonnyboi17
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Re: Proto-Kalian

Post by Jonnyboi17 »

idov wrote: 24 May 2018 01:59 Just a heads-up. [] is used for phones; // is used for phonemes, that is the underlying sound. So I think that would be:
* [ð] is an allophone of /θ/.
Yes, I meant to put that lol.
idov wrote: 24 May 2018 01:59 Apropos, what triggers this sound change? If it's realized as such when intervocalic, you'd expect for example ħ > ʕ in the same environment.
Well, I was thinking that it could be intervocalic, so I guess I should add the other distinction as well.
Hanerawi dulekiay
“People of Heaven”
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