DesEsseintes wrote:Híí 7.0
Today I was reading about Onondaga, because I hadn't given it any love in a while, and found myself charmed by the profusion of <d g> in such a small inventory. This reminded me of Micamo's Project Amethyst, which I then looked up. After that I did something stupid. I sketched a variant of Híí with no labials (except /m/), no θ, and a voicing distinction in stops. The result is this:
/m n/ m n
/t t͡s t͡ɬ t͡ʃ k ʔ/ t ts tł ch k ’
/d (d͡z d͡ɮ d͡ʒ) g/ d dz dl dzh g
/s ɬ h/ s ł h
/z~ɾ l~w)/ z r l w
/e i o/ e ı o
Kind of reminds me of Classical Ngade n Tim Ar:
/m n ŋ/
m n ng
/t~d k~g/
t~d k~g
/θ~ð s~z x~ɣ h/
3 s~z kh~gh h
/l ɹ ʕ/
l r 5
/ù ú ɯ̀ ɯ́ ò ó ɤ̀ ɤ́ à á è é ø̀ ǿ ì í ỳ ý/
u ú ï î o ó ë ê a á e é ö ô i í ü û
Generally, (C)V(C), with a few instances of VCC due to morphology.
Obstruents voice when intervocalic or when between a resonant and a vowel (or vice versa). In the rare case of three-consonant clusters, voicing rules apply to the obstruent cluster as a unit (e.g.,
ngatsa 'dumbbell, weight (sg.)' >
angdza 'dumbbells, weights (pl.)', but
ko3kó 'swale (sg.)' >
ok3kó 'swales (pl.)').
A flying dot
· is used to break up ambiguous clusters:
anga /àŋà/ vs.
an·ga /àngà/
atkha /àtxà/ vs.
atk·ha /àtkhà/
For good measure, here's Proto-Tim Ar-O:
*p *b *t *d *k *g *q *ɢ *ʔ
*m *n *ŋ (*ɴ?)
*s *z *ʃ *ʒ *h
*ɬ *ɮ
*ɹ *l
*w [*u] *j [*i] *ʁ [*a]
*o *e
Any resonant or vowel could serve as the syllable nucleus; those with expressly vocalic allophones are indicated.
And while we're at it, here's Proto-O:
*N m~n
*p *t *k p t k
*h h
*j *w *ʁ j w r
*e e
Generally, you could have (C)(R){e/Ø}(C).
The syllabification rules are a mess. I'm not even sure what they are. I have a general understanding but A) I'm not sure if it'd be completely accurate if I wrote it out and B) I'm not sure how consistent I was. To a first approximation, any resonant or
*e could serve as the syllable nucleus, but
*e basically held the syllable structure at gunpoint and said "you can't have three segments in the onset", which is a problem because the
*e-infix likes to get used for nominalizing just about everything.
*h also messes with the syllable to the point that I've given thought to completely redoing half my lexicon because right now it does weird stuff with vocalizing in the onset if there's another consonant after it.
As a rough guide…
Linguifex wrote:- p t k > pf ts kx / _j
- |N| h j w ʁ > |N̩| a i u a / {C,#}_#
- p t k > β z ɣ / V_V (V in this case can be |N̩|)
- p t k > f s x / _# (I'm thinking about not doing this, however)
- |N| assimilates to the POA of a nearby consonant unless it's intervocalic, between a vowel and a word boundary, or between two /h/s
Linguifex wrote:Linguifex wrote:Syllabification rules
I'm trying to work out the tentative syllabification rules I have for *w *h *r *n *j. I think a close list would be:
- *w *h *r *n *j retain non-syllabic status immediately adjacent to *e.
- If *w *h *r *n *j appear in a cluster with one another, and this cluster is adjacent to *e, the second segment from the *e syllabifies.
- If *w *h *r *n *j appear in a cluster with one another, and this cluster is not adjacent to *e:
- If the sequence features *n as the second element, and there is no other coda consonant, syllabify the first.
- If the sequence does not feature *n as the second element, or if there is a coda consonant following *n, syllabification occurs such that the largest legal onset is created, provided that the coda of the same syllable is a maximum of one consonant. A legal onset does not include *h as the second element, nor does it permit a sequence of *hr- in the same syllable.
- If, after applying the above rules, *h would come second in onset position, it metathesizes with the segment immediately to its left and surfaces as [*h] immediately following *e, and [*a] otherwise. If the latter, syllabification for the previous syllable may need to be adjusted.
Hopefully I didn't mess that up. *h and *n throw wrenches into the system.
And this is O proper.
/m n/
m n
/p t k kʷ q qʷ/
p t k ḳ q q̇
/ɸ β~w s z x xʷ χ χʷ h/
f b s z g ġ x ẋ h
/ɾ/
r
/w j/
w y
/a aː ɛ ɛː ɛ~ə ɛː~əː e eː i iː ə əː ɨ ɨː o oː u uː/
a a: è è: ë ë: e e: i i: ơ ơ: ư ư: o o: u u:
/ae̯ ao̯ ei̯ ou̯/
áe áo éi óu
The /ɛ~ə ɛː~əː/ are the result of a vowel shift having had different outcomes in different dialects.
Final velar fricatives like to become a glide or vowel length after a final front vowel, especially if it's short.
I'm also thinking of adding an allophonic process wherein plosives become nasals before another nasal.