With
With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
- eldin raigmore
- korean
- Posts: 6352
- Joined: 14 Aug 2010 19:38
- Location: SouthEast Michigan
Re: With
IMO this thread deserves more attention; but I don't have any conlang translations of these into any of my conlangs yet.
My minicity is http://gonabebig1day.myminicity.com/xml
-
- mongolian
- Posts: 3883
- Joined: 14 Aug 2010 09:36
- Location: California über alles
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
Kankonian: Is uhwen ad lile hel Rachel.
Rachel mui is uhwen ad lile.
Wan tetheken hel sayuppiva ad wan.
Wan tetheken hel karaph na wan.
Makeke haken karaph ba ghiga.
Hel turm rakor, Peter atzethimen onishartz.
Is mazin safga mead korekor.
♂♥♂♀
Squirrels chase koi . . . chase squirrels
My Kankonian-English dictionary: 86,336 words and counting
31,416: The number of the conlanging beast!
Squirrels chase koi . . . chase squirrels
My Kankonian-English dictionary: 86,336 words and counting
31,416: The number of the conlanging beast!
- Ossicone
- vice admin
- Posts: 2909
- Joined: 12 Aug 2010 05:20
- Location: I've heard it both ways.
- Contact:
Re: With
Amjati
Zenij ni samiajk kju Aljer.
Inij Aljer kor zuri ni samiajk.
Enij ote mjekiajk kju adomask epem.
Enij ote mjekiajk kju tavesask epem.
Evreka taves kju az ozrut.
Al nore az nusa tazjom epur brakal Prete.
Ezrit zuri me ak ketvor.
The underlined 'al' is actually a nonfinite marker. Anything that comes before a verb in Amjati is considered adverbial.
I changed the vocab around a bit just for kicks though.
Zenij ni samiajk kju Aljer.
Inij Aljer kor zuri ni samiajk.
Enij ote mjekiajk kju adomask epem.
Enij ote mjekiajk kju tavesask epem.
Evreka taves kju az ozrut.
Al nore az nusa tazjom epur brakal Prete.
Ezrit zuri me ak ketvor.
The underlined 'al' is actually a nonfinite marker. Anything that comes before a verb in Amjati is considered adverbial.
I changed the vocab around a bit just for kicks though.
Spoiler:
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
Kankonian: Is uhwen ad lile hel Rachel.
Rachel mui is uhwen ad lile.
Wan tetheken hel sayuppiva ad wan.
Wan tetheken hel karaph na wan.
Makeke haken karaph ba ghiga.
Hel turm rakor, Peter atzethimen onishartz.
Is mazin safga mead korekor.
Mekoshan
Adwenh t'holsho wyeh Recu.
Widwenh mi n Recu t'holsho
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez xaffran.
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez dag.
Hidwekhye deh ciko d'dag wyeh sdyekh.
Dro byeg afart, hidpesye Pitra d'deh kwyez.
Awofah gants jreghn.
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
Kankonian: Is uhwen ad lile hel Rachel.
Rachel mui is uhwen ad lile.
Wan tetheken hel sayuppiva ad wan.
Wan tetheken hel karaph na wan.
Makeke haken karaph ba ghiga.
Hel turm rakor, Peter atzethimen onishartz.
Is mazin safga mead korekor.
Mekoshan
Adwenh t'holsho wyeh Recu.
Widwenh mi n Recu t'holsho
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez xaffran.
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez dag.
Hidwekhye deh ciko d'dag wyeh sdyekh.
Dro byeg afart, hidpesye Pitra d'deh kwyez.
Awofah gants jreghn.
Proto-Vdangku
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
nengkardduaniůla iuvzgå inzqhiun.
unuxhiůlo iuvzgå inzqhiun.
noniůlo zikian unuxho vgiu.
xhanibta zipīda exhbin doidiu.
iāldargån mūbi.
力在公蝦米????
flags
flags
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
Kankonian: Is uhwen ad lile hel Rachel.
Rachel mui is uhwen ad lile.
Wan tetheken hel sayuppiva ad wan.
Wan tetheken hel karaph na wan.
Makeke haken karaph ba ghiga.
Hel turm rakor, Peter atzethimen onishartz.
Is mazin safga mead korekor.
Mekoshan
Adwenh t'holsho wyeh Recu.
Widwenh mi n Recu t'holsho
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez xaffran.
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez dag.
Hidwekhye deh ciko d'dag wyeh sdyekh.
Dro byeg afart, hidpesye Pitra d'deh kwyez.
Awofah gants jreghn.
Proto-Vdangku
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
nengkardduaniůla iuvzgå inzqhiun.
unuxhiůlo iuvzgå inzqhiun.
noniůlo zikian unuxho vgiu.
xhanibta zipīda exhbin doidiu.
iāldargån mūbi.
Eyrol-Parlend
Mi se teaterit Rachelieta ale.
Miete Rachelieta se teaterit ale. Mi e Rachel se teaterit ale.
So sa filamieta son prome.
So se chindiete son prome.
So filo se chindic baceste atacce.
Largal dívaldeste, Peter se examenic surpase.
Mi in lízargasiem brole.
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Wattētexu; Ko laka mai mō ne maromallo lē Rākelu.
Rākelu lē mai ko laka nō ne maromallo.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa lē ta ila xō xī.
Xī ko laka kē ne eppa mē ta tuki xō xī.
Ko mottu ta tuki na ta xoki mē koro xō ne welle.
Mē ne tele ne makkā, ko pate ne toni nā Pīta.
Me ppone tugu ne ōkarulagga nā mai.
Kankonian: Is uhwen ad lile hel Rachel.
Rachel mui is uhwen ad lile.
Wan tetheken hel sayuppiva ad wan.
Wan tetheken hel karaph na wan.
Makeke haken karaph ba ghiga.
Hel turm rakor, Peter atzethimen onishartz.
Is mazin safga mead korekor.
Mekoshan
Adwenh t'holsho wyeh Recu.
Widwenh mi n Recu t'holsho
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez xaffran.
Hidwenh fo'wakh wyeh hyez dag.
Hidwekhye deh ciko d'dag wyeh sdyekh.
Dro byeg afart, hidpesye Pitra d'deh kwyez.
Awofah gants jreghn.
Proto-Vdangku
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
Razteliůle iōlzinema ilgin.
nengkardduaniůla iuvzgå inzqhiun.
unuxhiůlo iuvzgå inzqhiun.
noniůlo zikian unuxho vgiu.
xhanibta zipīda exhbin doidiu.
iāldargån mūbi.
Eyrol-Parlend
Mi se teaterit Rachelieta ale.
Miete Rachelieta se teaterit ale. Mi e Rachel se teaterit ale.
So sa filamieta son prome.
So se chindiete son prome.
So filo se chindic baceste atacce.
Largal dívaldeste, Peter se examenic surpase.
Mi in lízargasiem brole.
PDL
Rachel wonnotle cinema-ni caddin. 'rɛjʨɛl̥ 'wonːotʰl̥ɛː 'sinːɛːmaːniː 'ʨʰɑtːin
Rachel company-LOC cinema-ALL walk-PFV.1.SG
Rachel hoq hi cinema-ni caddaw. 'rɛjʨɛl̥ hoʔ hiː 'sinːɛːmaːniː 'ʨʰɑtːɑw
Rachel and 1.SG cinema-ALL walk-PFV.1.PL
Girlfriend wonnotle caddona cadde. 'kɛlfɛn 'wonːotʰl̥ɛː ʨʰɑtːoːnɑː ʨʰɑtːɛː
Girlfriend company-LOC walk-NMLZ-PURP go-PFV.3.SG
Gonteq wonnotle caddona cadde. Kontʰɛʔ wonːotʰl̥ɛ ʨʰɑtːoːnɑː ʨʰɑtːɛː
Dog company-LOC walk go.PFV.3.SG
Lagica kodca gonteq k'wedde. lɑːkiːʨʰɑː kontʰɛʔ kʷʼɛtːɛː
Boy-ERG stick-ERG dog hit-PFV.3.SG
Kwal c'elko hozzil naqanle Peter cadde. kʷʰɑl̥ ʨʼɛlkʰoː hozːil̥ nɑːʔɑnlɛː pʰiːtɛr̥ ʨʰɑtːɛː
big effort-ABL test PERL Peter walk.PFV.3.SG
Kwannalox t'ogni. kʷʰɑnːɑːlox tʼokniː
Dragon-EVIT fight-IPFV.1.SG[/b]
Re: With
1 - I went to the house with Rachel.
2 - Rachel and I went to the house.
3 - He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
4 - He went for a walk with his animal.
5 - The boy hit the animal with a stick.
6 - With great effort, Peter ate the food.
7 - I was fighting with a great animal.
Zidhgebzhail - Using the default word-order.
1 - vy Raetsheleinga igaarjeim gIn.
I went to house with Rachel.
2 - Raetshela viedzh igaarjeim gIn.
Rachel and I went to house.
3 - zy azeinga-zae zhAmdzhaed gIn.
He went walking with his woman.
4 - zy keileing-zae zhAmdzhaed gIn.
He went walking with his animal.
5 - zhiefil spiefaung kielef-zae gOumfan.
Boy struck animal using stick.
6 - Pieteril karrougadaung nentef gEntan.
Peter ate food using great effort.
7 - vy kieladeureing gOgzad.
I was struggling against great animal.
Spoiler:
Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
German
Ich war mit Rachel im Kino.
Rachel und ich waren im Kino.
Er ging mit seiner Freundin spazieren.
Er ging mit seinem Hund spazieren.
Der Junge schlug den Hund mit einem Stock.
Peter bestand den Test durch harte Arbeit.
Ich kämpfte mit einem Drachen.
Yélian
Yicurai pès siné fecun Raquèl.
[ʃiˈkʊr͡aɪ pɛs siˈneː ˈfekʊn ˈrakɛl]
PST-come-1SG towards cinema with Rachel
Raquèl è re yicurest pès siné.
[ˈrakɛl ə rɛ ʃiˈkurest pɛs siˈneː]
Rachel CONJ 1SG PST-come-1PL.EXC towards cinema
Fecunto gima yifalet.
[ˈfekʊnto ˈχima ʃiˈfalet]
with-3SG.MASC.POSS girlfriend PST-goforawalk-3SG
Fecunto teriys yifalet.
[ˈfekʊnto ˈtɛr͡aiːs ʃiˈfalet]
with-3SG.MASC.POSS dog PST-goforawalk-3SG
A'brogo yilacet a'teriys iu baran.
[aˈbroːgo ʃiˈlaket aˈter͡aiːs jŭ ˈbaran]
ANIM-boy PST-hit-3SG ANIM-dog through stick
Petar yiaresocastet u'secar.
Petar yi-ares-oc-ast-et u'-secar.
[ˈpeːtɐ ʃiˌarɛzoˈkastet ʊˈsekar]
Peter PST-dilligent-on-proceed-3SG INAN-test
Yiteblodai fracto.
[ʃiˌteˈbloːd͡ai ˈfrăto / ˈfrakto]
PST-fight-1SG dragon.
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.
Re: With
Géarthnuns
Sí lé Rakhélsíb shut chü içdimtelímarangíksüv kadiz.
1SG-NOM AUX.PAST Rachel-POST with DEF cinema-LOC go
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Sí zhö Rakhéls lé chü içdimtelímarangíksüv kadiz.
1SG-NOM and Rachel-NOM AUX.PAST DEF cinema-LOC go
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Söb lé cha víesansab shut vömnünzdanez.
3SG-NOM AUX.PAST DEF girlfriend-POST with go.for.a.walk
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Söb lé chö ngarebsöb shut vömnünzdanez.
3SG-NOM AUX.PAST DEF dog-POST with go.for.a.walk
He went for a walk with his dog.
Chö zodöbs lé chö ngarebsöt sí vöilsín grakh.
DEF boy-NOM AUX.PAST DEF dog-ACC INDEF stick-INSTR hit
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
Söi shífetsöin ngadétöin, Péters lé chau afstírsaut vízh.
INDEF hard.work-INSTR great-INSTR, Peter-NOM AUX.PAST DEF test-ACC pass
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
Sí lé se dhbörözçöthset ebrügrakh.
1SG-NOM AUX.PAST INDEF dragon-ACC fight
I was fighting with a dragon.
Sí lé Rakhélsíb shut chü içdimtelímarangíksüv kadiz.
1SG-NOM AUX.PAST Rachel-POST with DEF cinema-LOC go
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Sí zhö Rakhéls lé chü içdimtelímarangíksüv kadiz.
1SG-NOM and Rachel-NOM AUX.PAST DEF cinema-LOC go
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Söb lé cha víesansab shut vömnünzdanez.
3SG-NOM AUX.PAST DEF girlfriend-POST with go.for.a.walk
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Söb lé chö ngarebsöb shut vömnünzdanez.
3SG-NOM AUX.PAST DEF dog-POST with go.for.a.walk
He went for a walk with his dog.
Chö zodöbs lé chö ngarebsöt sí vöilsín grakh.
DEF boy-NOM AUX.PAST DEF dog-ACC INDEF stick-INSTR hit
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
Söi shífetsöin ngadétöin, Péters lé chau afstírsaut vízh.
INDEF hard.work-INSTR great-INSTR, Peter-NOM AUX.PAST DEF test-ACC pass
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
Sí lé se dhbörözçöthset ebrügrakh.
1SG-NOM AUX.PAST INDEF dragon-ACC fight
I was fighting with a dragon.
Last edited by Lao Kou on 26 Mar 2016 07:25, edited 1 time in total.
☯ 道可道,非常道
☯ 名可名,非常名
☯ 名可名,非常名
- Dormouse559
- moderator
- Posts: 2945
- Joined: 10 Nov 2012 20:52
- Location: California
Re: With
"Avec" (with) almost all the way through. It just happens that French uses "contre" (against) in the final sentence.
French:
Je suis allé au cinéma avec Rachel.
Rachel et moi sommes allés au cinéma.
Il est allé se promener avec sa copine.
Il est allé se promener avec son chien.
Le garçon a frappé le chien avec un bâton.
Avec grand effort, Peter a réussi à l'examen.
Je me battais contre un dragon.
French:
Je suis allé au cinéma avec Rachel.
Rachel et moi sommes allés au cinéma.
Il est allé se promener avec sa copine.
Il est allé se promener avec son chien.
Le garçon a frappé le chien avec un bâton.
Avec grand effort, Peter a réussi à l'examen.
Je me battais contre un dragon.
- eldin raigmore
- korean
- Posts: 6352
- Joined: 14 Aug 2010 19:38
- Location: SouthEast Michigan
Re: With
Depends.Dormouse559 wrote:"Avec" (with) almost all the way through. It just happens that French uses "contre" (against) in the final sentence.
French:
Je me battais contre un dragon.
Is the dragon your opponent?
Or your comrade-in-arms?
Or your steed?
Or your weapon?
My minicity is http://gonabebig1day.myminicity.com/xml
Re: With
Old Xioran
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Min movaw ax uyn kontsanke dey vineta kopo Rakele.
1SG move_oneself-PST LAT 1 theater GEN video COM Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Rakele ya min movaw ax uyn kontsanke dey vineta.
Rachel AND 1SG move_oneself-PST LAT 1 theater GEN video.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Key movaw finni uyn peranas kopo key lamore dey sef.
DEF move_oneself-PST in_order_to 1 walk-INF COM DEF lover GEN RFLX.
He went for a walk with his dog.
Key movaw finni uyn peranas kopo key tutu dey sef.
DEF move_oneself-PST in_order_to 1 walk-INF COM DEF dog GEN RFLX.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
Key ningo trapakaw key tutu kon uny benbaw.
DEF boy attack-PST DEF dog INS 1 stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
Kon torentsa dabawn, Petro estrabaw key kosle.
INS effort good, Peter overcome-PST DEF school_test.
I was fighting with the help of a dragon.
Min sans txupans kopo uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER 1 dragon.
I was fighting using a dragon as a weapon.
Min sans txupans kon uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER INS 1 dragon.
I was fighting against a dragon.
Min sans txupans hoke uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER COM_but_in_opposite_sides 1 dragon.
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Min movaw ax uyn kontsanke dey vineta kopo Rakele.
1SG move_oneself-PST LAT 1 theater GEN video COM Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Rakele ya min movaw ax uyn kontsanke dey vineta.
Rachel AND 1SG move_oneself-PST LAT 1 theater GEN video.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Key movaw finni uyn peranas kopo key lamore dey sef.
DEF move_oneself-PST in_order_to 1 walk-INF COM DEF lover GEN RFLX.
He went for a walk with his dog.
Key movaw finni uyn peranas kopo key tutu dey sef.
DEF move_oneself-PST in_order_to 1 walk-INF COM DEF dog GEN RFLX.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
Key ningo trapakaw key tutu kon uny benbaw.
DEF boy attack-PST DEF dog INS 1 stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
Kon torentsa dabawn, Petro estrabaw key kosle.
INS effort good, Peter overcome-PST DEF school_test.
I was fighting with the help of a dragon.
Min sans txupans kopo uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER 1 dragon.
I was fighting using a dragon as a weapon.
Min sans txupans kon uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER INS 1 dragon.
I was fighting against a dragon.
Min sans txupans hoke uyn dragawn.
1SG COP.PST fight-GER COM_but_in_opposite_sides 1 dragon.
Last edited by Squall on 10 Feb 2015 22:58, edited 1 time in total.
English is not my native language. Sorry for any mistakes or lack of knowledge when I discuss this language.
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Re: With
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Fake Xhosa:
Ndisahlepha mtazanda okulwazula ukuRhatshela.
Ndisahlepha mtazanda okulwazula wesiRhatshela.
Asahlepha kubhathi wesindlaza.
Asahlepha kubhathi nomntoba.
Asadlodlo urhambana wantoba yenamlunzwo.
Asahlwezi uPiterha wasodolonga yenadlanza yesidwela.
Ndisayashaka elerhako.
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
He went for a walk with his dog.
The boy hit the dog with a stick.
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
I was fighting with a dragon.
Fake Xhosa:
Ndisahlepha mtazanda okulwazula ukuRhatshela.
Ndisahlepha mtazanda okulwazula wesiRhatshela.
Asahlepha kubhathi wesindlaza.
Asahlepha kubhathi nomntoba.
Asadlodlo urhambana wantoba yenamlunzwo.
Asahlwezi uPiterha wasodolonga yenadlanza yesidwela.
Ndisayashaka elerhako.
- alynnidalar
- greek
- Posts: 700
- Joined: 17 Aug 2014 03:22
- Location: Michigan, USA
Re: With
Tirina
Nanikarada denali ko Rehel.
FEM-go.to-PST cinema with.COM Rachel
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Nanikaradamir Rehel ko ahu denali.
FEM-go.to-PST.PL Rachel and 1SG.FEM cinema
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Tosurenda ye ko kawi niye.
MASC-wander-PST 3SG.MASC with.COM girlfriend 3SG.MASC.GEN
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Tosurenda ye eki idlekan niye.
MASC-wander-PST 3SG.MASC with.COM dog 3SG.MASC.GEN
He went for a walk with his dog.
Toisino'eda sunhital idlekan yio rasuta.
MASC-hit-PST boy-INT dog with.INSTR stick
The (young) boy hit the dog with a stick.
Yio esmiu muranol, to'odukeda Pitar oranelarn.
with.INSTR work INT-INAN MASC-accomplish-PST Peter test
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
And let's do some variations on the dragon...
Nakotaran dawoes dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG against dragon
I was fighting with (against) a dragon.
Nakotaran ko dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.COM dragon
I was fighting with (alongside) a (presumably intelligent) dragon.
Nakotaran eki dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.COM dragon
I was fighting with (alongside) a dragon (who is a dumb animal).
Nakotaran yio dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.INSTR dragon
I was fighting with (using) a dragon.
There's a few words that come into play here, ko (which is "and" at the clausal level, as well as commitative "along with" when both nouns are of equal standing or the second noun is of greater standing than the first), eki (commitative "with" when the second noun is of lesser standing than the first), and yio (instrumental "with"). Finally, dawoes means "versus" or "against".
The greater/lesser standing sort of is an animacy hierarchy, intelligent beings > animals and other things that fall into the animate class > inanimate objects. But it's fluid, for particular emphasis you might use "ko" even with a "lesser" noun or "eki" even with a "greater" noun.
Nanikarada denali ko Rehel.
FEM-go.to-PST cinema with.COM Rachel
I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Nanikaradamir Rehel ko ahu denali.
FEM-go.to-PST.PL Rachel and 1SG.FEM cinema
Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Tosurenda ye ko kawi niye.
MASC-wander-PST 3SG.MASC with.COM girlfriend 3SG.MASC.GEN
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.
Tosurenda ye eki idlekan niye.
MASC-wander-PST 3SG.MASC with.COM dog 3SG.MASC.GEN
He went for a walk with his dog.
Toisino'eda sunhital idlekan yio rasuta.
MASC-hit-PST boy-INT dog with.INSTR stick
The (young) boy hit the dog with a stick.
Yio esmiu muranol, to'odukeda Pitar oranelarn.
with.INSTR work INT-INAN MASC-accomplish-PST Peter test
With great effort, Peter passed the test.
And let's do some variations on the dragon...
Nakotaran dawoes dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG against dragon
I was fighting with (against) a dragon.
Nakotaran ko dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.COM dragon
I was fighting with (alongside) a (presumably intelligent) dragon.
Nakotaran eki dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.COM dragon
I was fighting with (alongside) a dragon (who is a dumb animal).
Nakotaran yio dıraka.
FEM-fight-PST.PROG with.INSTR dragon
I was fighting with (using) a dragon.
There's a few words that come into play here, ko (which is "and" at the clausal level, as well as commitative "along with" when both nouns are of equal standing or the second noun is of greater standing than the first), eki (commitative "with" when the second noun is of lesser standing than the first), and yio (instrumental "with"). Finally, dawoes means "versus" or "against".
The greater/lesser standing sort of is an animacy hierarchy, intelligent beings > animals and other things that fall into the animate class > inanimate objects. But it's fluid, for particular emphasis you might use "ko" even with a "lesser" noun or "eki" even with a "greater" noun.
- Thrice Xandvii
- runic
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- Joined: 25 Nov 2012 10:13
- Location: Carnassus
Re: With
Fui al cine con Raquel.
Raquel y yo fuimos al cine.
Él paseó con su novia.
Él paseó con su perro.
El niño pegó el perro con un palo.
Con mucho fuerzo, Pedro pasó el examen.
Yo peleaba con un dragón.
"Con is "with" all the way through unless I messed som"ething up. Depending on what is exactly occurring in the last sentence, one could use "contra" for "against."
Re: With
Caelian
Rar dordocup Rachuril siburni.
[raɾ dɔrdɔˈʝup raχuˈril ʒɪbuɾˈni]
1SG.NOM cinema.ALL Rachel.COM PST-go.1SG>3SG
Rar Rachuril dordocup siburerni.
[raɾ raχuˈril dɔrdɔˈʝup ʒɪburɛɾˈni]
1SG.NOM Rachel.COM cinema.ALL PST-go.1PLEX>3SG
Tot hidmurit sipümni.
[tʰɔt hɪdmuˈrɪt ʒɪpʰʏmˈni]
3SG_MASC.NOM girlfriend.COM PST-go_for_a_walk.3SG>3SG
Tot tarjurit sivpümni. / Tot tarjunget sihüznik.
[tʰɔt tʰaɾjʊˈrɪt ʒɪp̟ʏmˈni. / tʰɔt tʰarjʊˈŋɛt ʒɪhʏzˈnik]
3SG_MASC.NOM dog.COM PST-go_for_a_walk.3SG>3SG /
3SG_MASC.NOM dog.ACC PST-guide.3SG>3SG
The first example showing a more "equal" relationship, while in the second one the dog is inferior.
Borrek tyatfobren tarjunget sitükim.
[bɔˈrɛk tʲatβɔbˈrɛn tʰarjʊˈŋɛt ʒɪtʰʏˈkʰɪm]
boy.NOM stick.INST dog.ACC PST-hit.3SG>3SG
Petter zikjunget sinüktir hangnyobrewy.
[ˈpɛtʰɛɾ zɪkjʊˈŋɛt ʒinʏkˈtʰiɾ haŋɲɔbˈrɛʋ]
Peter.NOM test.ACC PST-pass.3SG>3SG effort.INST
Rar gyatmungeg fen sifurnid.
[raɾ gʲatmuˈŋɛg βɛn ʒiβʊɾnid]
1SG.NOM dragon.ACC against PST-fight.1SG>3SG
Rar dordocup Rachuril siburni.
[raɾ dɔrdɔˈʝup raχuˈril ʒɪbuɾˈni]
1SG.NOM cinema.ALL Rachel.COM PST-go.1SG>3SG
Rar Rachuril dordocup siburerni.
[raɾ raχuˈril dɔrdɔˈʝup ʒɪburɛɾˈni]
1SG.NOM Rachel.COM cinema.ALL PST-go.1PLEX>3SG
Tot hidmurit sipümni.
[tʰɔt hɪdmuˈrɪt ʒɪpʰʏmˈni]
3SG_MASC.NOM girlfriend.COM PST-go_for_a_walk.3SG>3SG
Tot tarjurit sivpümni. / Tot tarjunget sihüznik.
[tʰɔt tʰaɾjʊˈrɪt ʒɪp̟ʏmˈni. / tʰɔt tʰarjʊˈŋɛt ʒɪhʏzˈnik]
3SG_MASC.NOM dog.COM PST-go_for_a_walk.3SG>3SG /
3SG_MASC.NOM dog.ACC PST-guide.3SG>3SG
The first example showing a more "equal" relationship, while in the second one the dog is inferior.
Borrek tyatfobren tarjunget sitükim.
[bɔˈrɛk tʲatβɔbˈrɛn tʰarjʊˈŋɛt ʒɪtʰʏˈkʰɪm]
boy.NOM stick.INST dog.ACC PST-hit.3SG>3SG
Petter zikjunget sinüktir hangnyobrewy.
[ˈpɛtʰɛɾ zɪkjʊˈŋɛt ʒinʏkˈtʰiɾ haŋɲɔbˈrɛʋ]
Peter.NOM test.ACC PST-pass.3SG>3SG effort.INST
Rar gyatmungeg fen sifurnid.
[raɾ gʲatmuˈŋɛg βɛn ʒiβʊɾnid]
1SG.NOM dragon.ACC against PST-fight.1SG>3SG
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.
Re: With
Utseech
Il bich gejâgech şwaw bien Rakel im niôejta.
[ɪl bɪç geˈjɚgɛç ʃwaʊ̯ bɪ̯ɛn ˈrakʰɛl ɪm ˈniɔ˞ˌɛjta]
1SG be.1SG go.PP together with Rachel in_DEF.MASC.DAT cinema
Rakel ûd il ijd gejâgech şum niôejta.
[ˈrakʰɛl ʊ˞d ɪl id gəˈjɚgɛç ʃʊm ˈniɔ˞ɛɪ̯ta]
Rachel and 1SG be.1PL go-PP to_DEF.MASC.DAT cinema
A is gejâgech paşiaech şwawech şwaw bien ech festfreûdich.
[a ɪs gɛˈjɚgɛç ˈpaʃɪ̯aɛç ˈʃwawɛç ʃwaʊ̯ bɪ̯ɛn eç ˈfɛstfrɛʊ˞dɪç]
3SG_MASC be.3SG go.PP go_for_a_walk.INF together with 3SG.POSS.OBL girlfriend
A is gejâgech gahûdech şwaw for ejech hûd
[a ɪs gəˈjɚgɛç gaˈhʊ˞dɛç ʃwaʊ̯ fɔr ˈɛjɛç hʊ˞d]
3SG_MASC be.3SG go.PP go_with_a_dog.INF together for 3SG.POSS.OBL dog
De jûg haen geshâech dech hûd biels âech töcke.
[dɛ jʊ˞g ˈha.ɛn gəˈsʰɚɛch dɛç hʊ˞d bɪ̯ɛls ɚɛch ˈtʰœkʰɛ]
DEF.MASC boy have.3SG hit.PP DEF.MASC.OBL dog with INDEF.MASC.OBL stick
Dâl groa âschejgûg Peta haen beâdech de profûg.
[dɚl ˈgrɔ.a ɚskʰɛɪ̯gʊ˞g ˈpʰɛta hɑ.ɛn bɛˈɚdɛç dɛ ˈprofʊ˞g]
thanks_to big.OBL.FEM effort, Peter have.3SG pass.PP DEF.FEM.OBL test
Il hav gekämβen bitgejech âech drak.
[ɪl hɑv gəˈkʰæmɸɛn ˈgəjɛç ɚɛch drɑk]
1SG have.1SG fight.PP with INDEF.MASC.OBL dragon
While evolving from German, because many words became disambiguous, there was a need in Utseech to create new prepositions through combining existing ones. "şwaw bien" comes from German "zusamm[en] mit" (together with), "şwaw for" from "zusamm[en] für" (together for), "biels" from "mittels" (by use of), "dâl" from "dank" (thanks to) and "bitgejech" from "mit gegen" (with against) - in all those cases German would have used "mit".
Il bich gejâgech şwaw bien Rakel im niôejta.
[ɪl bɪç geˈjɚgɛç ʃwaʊ̯ bɪ̯ɛn ˈrakʰɛl ɪm ˈniɔ˞ˌɛjta]
1SG be.1SG go.PP together with Rachel in_DEF.MASC.DAT cinema
Rakel ûd il ijd gejâgech şum niôejta.
[ˈrakʰɛl ʊ˞d ɪl id gəˈjɚgɛç ʃʊm ˈniɔ˞ɛɪ̯ta]
Rachel and 1SG be.1PL go-PP to_DEF.MASC.DAT cinema
A is gejâgech paşiaech şwawech şwaw bien ech festfreûdich.
[a ɪs gɛˈjɚgɛç ˈpaʃɪ̯aɛç ˈʃwawɛç ʃwaʊ̯ bɪ̯ɛn eç ˈfɛstfrɛʊ˞dɪç]
3SG_MASC be.3SG go.PP go_for_a_walk.INF together with 3SG.POSS.OBL girlfriend
A is gejâgech gahûdech şwaw for ejech hûd
[a ɪs gəˈjɚgɛç gaˈhʊ˞dɛç ʃwaʊ̯ fɔr ˈɛjɛç hʊ˞d]
3SG_MASC be.3SG go.PP go_with_a_dog.INF together for 3SG.POSS.OBL dog
De jûg haen geshâech dech hûd biels âech töcke.
[dɛ jʊ˞g ˈha.ɛn gəˈsʰɚɛch dɛç hʊ˞d bɪ̯ɛls ɚɛch ˈtʰœkʰɛ]
DEF.MASC boy have.3SG hit.PP DEF.MASC.OBL dog with INDEF.MASC.OBL stick
Dâl groa âschejgûg Peta haen beâdech de profûg.
[dɚl ˈgrɔ.a ɚskʰɛɪ̯gʊ˞g ˈpʰɛta hɑ.ɛn bɛˈɚdɛç dɛ ˈprofʊ˞g]
thanks_to big.OBL.FEM effort, Peter have.3SG pass.PP DEF.FEM.OBL test
Il hav gekämβen bitgejech âech drak.
[ɪl hɑv gəˈkʰæmɸɛn ˈgəjɛç ɚɛch drɑk]
1SG have.1SG fight.PP with INDEF.MASC.OBL dragon
While evolving from German, because many words became disambiguous, there was a need in Utseech to create new prepositions through combining existing ones. "şwaw bien" comes from German "zusamm[en] mit" (together with), "şwaw for" from "zusamm[en] für" (together for), "biels" from "mittels" (by use of), "dâl" from "dank" (thanks to) and "bitgejech" from "mit gegen" (with against) - in all those cases German would have used "mit".
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.
Re: With
Anto
Da kino lawlaw da Rejcel bro.
[ta ˈkʰinɔ ˈlaʊ̯laʊ̯ ta ˈɹɛɪ̯t͡ʃɛl bɹɔʊ̯]
1SG cinema go-PST 1SG Rachel COM
Da, Rejcel de kino giti lawlaw ta.
[taː ˈɹɛɪ̯t͡ʃɛl tɛ ˈkʰiːnɔː ˈkiti ˈlaʊ̯laʊ̯ tʰa]
1SG, Rachel PART cinema towards go-PST 1PL
Because there is no "and" in enumerations in Anto, you require the postposition "giti" (towards, to), that is usually omitted when used with the verb "law" (to go). Otherwise you couldn't differentiate between (I, Rachel and the cinema) versus (I and Rachel [OBJ:Cinema]), so you need to put the particle "de" between them, which also requires a corresponding postposition for its dissolution.
Ton de ton fo wil'e bro rumlawrum ton.
[tʰɔn tɛ tʰɔn fɔ ˈwilɛ bɹɔʊ̯ ˈɹʊmlaʊ̯ɹʊm tʰɔn]
3PS PART 3PS GEN girlfriend COM go_for_a_walk-PST 3.ANIM
Ton de ton fo wufas bro rumlawrum ton.
[tʰɔn tɛ tʰɔn fɔ ˈwʊfas bɹɔʊ̯ ˈɹʊmlaʊ̯ɹʊm tʰɔn]
3PS PART 3SG GEN dog COM go_for_a_walk-PST 3.ANIM
Tjega wufas fikafi ton poren pi'a.
[ˈcɛga ˈwʊfas ˈfikafi tʰɔn ˈpʰɔɹɛn ˈpʰia]
boy dog hit-PST 3.ANIM stick INST
(De) kemfeti aha pi'a, Petere unfos shum'elshum ton.
[tɛ ˈkɛmfɛtʰi ˈaha ˈpia, ˈpɛtɛɹɛ ˈunfɔs ˈʃʊmɛlʃʊm tʰɔn]
PART effort great INST, Peter test pass-PST 3.ANIM
Da denris re'nere da.
[ta ˈtɛnɹɪs ˈɹɛnɛɹɛ ta]
1SG dragon fight_against-PST 1SG
"rene" (to fight, to fight against) requires direct object when used transitively.
Da kino lawlaw da Rejcel bro.
[ta ˈkʰinɔ ˈlaʊ̯laʊ̯ ta ˈɹɛɪ̯t͡ʃɛl bɹɔʊ̯]
1SG cinema go-PST 1SG Rachel COM
Da, Rejcel de kino giti lawlaw ta.
[taː ˈɹɛɪ̯t͡ʃɛl tɛ ˈkʰiːnɔː ˈkiti ˈlaʊ̯laʊ̯ tʰa]
1SG, Rachel PART cinema towards go-PST 1PL
Because there is no "and" in enumerations in Anto, you require the postposition "giti" (towards, to), that is usually omitted when used with the verb "law" (to go). Otherwise you couldn't differentiate between (I, Rachel and the cinema) versus (I and Rachel [OBJ:Cinema]), so you need to put the particle "de" between them, which also requires a corresponding postposition for its dissolution.
Ton de ton fo wil'e bro rumlawrum ton.
[tʰɔn tɛ tʰɔn fɔ ˈwilɛ bɹɔʊ̯ ˈɹʊmlaʊ̯ɹʊm tʰɔn]
3PS PART 3PS GEN girlfriend COM go_for_a_walk-PST 3.ANIM
Ton de ton fo wufas bro rumlawrum ton.
[tʰɔn tɛ tʰɔn fɔ ˈwʊfas bɹɔʊ̯ ˈɹʊmlaʊ̯ɹʊm tʰɔn]
3PS PART 3SG GEN dog COM go_for_a_walk-PST 3.ANIM
Tjega wufas fikafi ton poren pi'a.
[ˈcɛga ˈwʊfas ˈfikafi tʰɔn ˈpʰɔɹɛn ˈpʰia]
boy dog hit-PST 3.ANIM stick INST
(De) kemfeti aha pi'a, Petere unfos shum'elshum ton.
[tɛ ˈkɛmfɛtʰi ˈaha ˈpia, ˈpɛtɛɹɛ ˈunfɔs ˈʃʊmɛlʃʊm tʰɔn]
PART effort great INST, Peter test pass-PST 3.ANIM
Da denris re'nere da.
[ta ˈtɛnɹɪs ˈɹɛnɛɹɛ ta]
1SG dragon fight_against-PST 1SG
"rene" (to fight, to fight against) requires direct object when used transitively.
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.