With

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Iyionaku
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Re: With

Post by Iyionaku »

:con: Bath'aso

Ħalobz hannzħodrusht tshep Racheltizh.
[ˈʕɑlɔbz ˈhɑnːzʕɔ͡druʂt ͡tʂɛp ˈræɪ̯t͡ʃɛltɪʐ]
go-1SG.ERG cinema.ABS with_COM Rachel-DAT

Ħal Rachelez batezis hannzħodrusht.
[ʕɑl ˈræɪ̯t͡ʃɛlɛz ˈbatɛzis ˈhanːzʕɔˌ͡druʂt]
go Rachel-ERG 1SG-ERG-and cinema.ABS

Heks zhutħalm tshep hekmashizh medzhe.
[hɛ͡ks ˈʐutʕɑlm tʂɛp ˈhɛkmaʂɪʐ ˈmɛ͡dʐɛ]
INGR continuously_walk-3SG.ABS with_COM girlfriend.DAT 3SG.GEN

Heks zhutħalm tshep parntuzh medzhe.
[hɛ͡ks ˈʐutʕɑlm tʂɛp ˈparnʊʐ ˈmɛ͡dʐɛ]
INGR continuously_walk-3SG.ABS with_COM dog.DAT 3SG.GEN

Khek krtakemz parnzold tuktuzt.
[kʰɛk kr̩ˈtakɛmz parnzɔld ˈtuktuzt]
PERF hit-3SG.ERG dog-compassion.ABS stick.INST

Shext tbregenkem shels khek gults Peterez shekratedzh.
[ʂɛxt ˈ͡t̟brɛgɛŋkɛm ʂɛls kʰɛk gults ˈpɛtɛrɛz ˈʂɛkratɛdʐ]
TERM endure-3SG.ABS POT PERF pass Peter.ERG test-scaring.ABS
literally "after enduring great effort, Peter passed the test".

Khek pakampsob ħuks grnojodzhuzt.
[kʰɛk pɑkɑmpsɔb ʕuks gr̩ˈnɔjɔ͡dʐuzt]
PERF fight-1SG.ABS against dragon-scaring-INST
Wipe the glass. This is the usual way to start, even in the days, day and night, only a happy one.
Iyionaku
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Re: With

Post by Iyionaku »

:con: Elfish

ओकु खेड़सी ऊतिं चीनेमेज़ कुं RACHELअन.
Ēku khersī ūtim cīnemes kum Rachelan.

1SG.NOM go.IMP.1SG in-DEF.FEM.ALL cinema.ALL with Rachel.ACC

RACHEL जू ओकु खेड़सिण ऊतिं चीनेमेज़.
Rachel ēku khersīn ūtim cīnemes.

Rachel.NOM and 1SG.NOM go.IMP.1PL in-DEF.FEM.ALL cinema.ALL

युवो कैसुण सा त्षिरण कुं ध्रय क्वारण.
Yuwē kaysun sā tșiran kum dhraya kwāran.

3SG_MASC.NOM make.IMP.3SG_MASC INDEF.FEM.ACC round.ACC with 3SG_MASC_POSS>FEM.ACC dog.ACC

युवो कैसुण सा त्षिरण कुं ध्रय जामेयण.
Yuwē kaysun sā tșiran kum dhraya jāmeyan.

3SG_MASC.NOM make.IMP.3SG_MASC INDEF.FEM.ACC round.ACC with 3SG_MASC_POSS>FEM.ACC girlfriend.ACC

मे मानु यें फ़्लीषू मा क्वारण प्वो सो खेड़कीयो.
Me mānu yem flīșū mā kwāran pwē sē kherkīyē.

DEF.MASC.NOM boy.NOM have.3SG_MASC hit.PP DEF.FEM.ACC dog.ACC with INDEF.MASC.ACC stick.ACC

उजेंता फारेजे, PETER यें क्लीमू मो षय्वेसो.
Ujemtā phāreje, Peter yem klīmū mē șaywesē.

learn.GEDV ADV-hardworking, Peter.NOM have.3SG_MASC pass.PP DEF.MASC.ACC test.ACC

ओकु तिंपी ष्वेयेमे सो स्मूलरो पूयु.
Ēku timpī șweyeme sē smūlarē pūyu.

1SG PROG.IMP.1SG fight.INF INDEF.MASC.ACC dragon.ACC against
Last edited by Iyionaku on 21 Jul 2016 04:50, edited 1 time in total.
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Lao Kou
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Re: With

Post by Lao Kou »

Image Japoné語

私 oué, j'ga 行tta l'映画館 ni avec Rachelle tau.
Ouétachi oué, j'ga itta l'heillegacan ni avec Rachelle tau.
[weˈtæʃi we ʒgɔ ˈɪt.tɔ ˈlejgakã ni aˈvɛk ʁaˈʃɛl to]
1SG TOP, 1SG SUBJ go-PAST DEF.m cinema.m ALL with Rachel with
I went to the cinema with Rachel.

Rachelle et 私 oué, on ga 行tta l'映画館 ni.
Rachelle et ouétachi oué, on ga 行tta l'heillegacan ni.
[ʁaˈʃɛl e weˈtæʃi we õʊ̃ gɔ ˈɪt.tɔ ˈlejgakã ni]
Rachel and I TOP we SUBJ go-PAST DEF.m cinema.m ALL
Rachel and I went to the cinema.

彼 oué, il ga 行tta 散歩 ni avec sa 女友e tau.
Caré oué, il ga itta sampaue ni avec son onnatomaue tau.
[ˈkaʁe we i gɔ ˈɪt.tɔ ˈsãpo ni aˈvɛk sɒ̃ʊ̯̃ ˈn‿ɔn.naˌtɔmo to]
3SG.m TOP 3SG.m SUBJ go-PAST walking ALL with his.f girlfriend.f with
He went for a walk with his girlfriend.

彼 oué, il ga 行tta 散歩 ni avec son 犬 tau.
Caré oué, il ga itta sampaue ni avec son inë tau.
[ˈkaʁe we i gɔ ˈɪt.tɔ ˈsãpo ni aˈvɛk sɒ̃ʊ̯̃ ˈn‿ɪnœ̈ to]
3SG.m TOP 3SG.m SUBJ go-PAST walking ALL with his.m dog.m with
He went for a walk with his dog.

Le 男児 oué, il ga 打tta l'犬 avec un 棒 dé.
Le dandji oué, il ga outta l'inë avec un beau dé.
[lœ̈ ˈdãdʒi we i gɔ ˈʊt.tɔ lɪnœ̈ aˈvɛk ɚ̃ boʊ̯ de]
DEF.m boy.m TOP 3SG.m SUBJ hit-PAST DEF.m dog.m with INDEF.m stick.m INSTR
The boy hit the dog with a stick.

Avec 努力 dé, Pierre oué, il ga 受catta le 試験 ni.
Avec dôrioquë dé, Pierre oué, il ga oucatta le chicain ni.
[aˈvɛk doˈʁjɔkœ de pjæɛ̯ʁ we i gɔ ʊˈcat.tɔl ʃɪˈkẽɪ̯̃ ni]
with great.effort INSTR, Peter TOP 3SG.m SUBJ pass-PAST DEF.m test.m GOAL(?)
With great effort, Peter passed the test.

私 oué, j'ga 戦ttéta avec un 竜 tau.
Ouétachi oué, j'ga tatacattéta avec un tatsë tau.
[weˈtæʃi we ʒgɔ tataˈkat.tetɔ aˈvɛk ɚ̃ ˈtat͡sœ̈ to]
1SG TOP 1SG SUBJ fight-PROGPAST with INDEF.m dragon.m with
I was fighting with a dragon.
道可道,非常道
名可名,非常名
Iyionaku
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Re: With

Post by Iyionaku »

:chn: Mandarin

蕾切尔去影院。
Wǒ gēn lěiqiè'ěr qù yǐngyuàn.

1SG with Rachel go cinema.
I went to the cinema with Rachel.

蕾切尔我去影院。
Lěiqiè'ěr hé wǒ qù yǐngyuàn.

Rachel and 1SG go cinema
Rachel and I went to the cinema.

他的女朋散步了。
Tā gēn tā de nǚpéngyou sànbù le.

3SG.MASC with 3SG.MASC GEN girlfriend go_for_a_walk change_of_state
He went for a walk with his girlfriend. (=They are still walking)

男孩棍子打击狗。
Nánhái yòng gùnzi dǎjí gǒu.

boy with stick hit dog
The boy hit the dog with a stick.

因为加油所以彼得过滚考试。
Yīnwèi jiāyóu suǒyǐ bǐdé guògǔn kǎoshì.

cause take_great_effort effect Peter pass test
With great effort, Peter passed the test.

我打架龙。
Wǒ fǎnduì lóng.

1SG fight dragon
I was fighting with a dragon.
Last edited by Iyionaku on 04 Sep 2017 13:08, edited 1 time in total.
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Imralu
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Re: With

Post by Imralu »

:tan: Swahili:

I went to the cinema with Rachel.
Nilienda kwenye sinema na Raheli.

Code: Select all

ni-li-end-a  kw-enye          sinema  na   Raheli
1s-PST-go-Ö  LOC.CL17-having  cinema  COM  Rachel
The word kwenye is used a lot with nouns that cannot be derived into a locative class. It essentially creates a locative meaning "the place having a cinema" in this case.


Rachel and I went to the cinema.
Raheli na mimi tulienda kwenye sinema.

Code: Select all

Raheli  na   mimi  tu-li-end-a  kw-enye          sinema 
Rachel  COM  1s    1p-PST-go-Ö  LOC.CL17-having  cinema
He/she went for a walk with his/her boy-/girlfriend.
Alienda matembezi na mpenzi wake.

Code: Select all

a-li-end-a        matembezi  na   mpenzi      w-ake
3s.ANIM-PST-go-Ö  walk(CL6)  COM  lover(CL1)  CL1-GEN.3s 
She or he went for a walk with her or his dog.
Alienda matembezi (akiwa) na mbwa wake.

Code: Select all

a-li-end-a        matembezi (a-ki-w-a)             na   mbwa          w-ake
3s.ANIM-PST-go-Ö  walk(CL6) (3s.ANIM-SIMULT-be-Ö)  COM  dog(CL9ANIM)  CL1-GEN.3s
Adding the akiwa here basically makes it more equivalent to "He went for a walk having (or in possession of) his dog. I suppose it depends whether you see the dog as a companion on the walk or as a possession brought along on the walk.


The boy hit the dog with a stick.
Mvulana alimpiga mbwa kwa kijiti.

Code: Select all

mvulana                 a-li-m-pig-a               mbwa          kwa   kijiti
boy/unmarried.man(CL1)  3s.ANIM-PST-3s.ANIM-hit-Ö  dog(CL9ANIM)  INST  stick(CL7)
The preposition kwa is clearly either the class 15 (infinitive/gerund) or class 17 (general locative) form of the genitive -a "of", but I don't know which and it doesn't matter in any case.


With great effort, Peter passed the test.
Kwa jitihada nyingi sana, Petro alipita mtihani.

Code: Select all

kwa   jitihada          ny-ingi           sana  Petro  a-li-pit-a          mtihani
INST  effort(s)(CL9/10) CL9/10-much/many  very  Peter  3s.ANIM-PST-pass-Ö  test(CL3)
I was fighting with a dragon.
Nilikuwa nikipigana na joka.

Code: Select all

ni-li-ku-w-a     ni-ki-pig-an-a          na   joka
1s-PST-EXT-be-Ö  1s-SIMULT-hit-RECIPR-Ö  COM  dragon(CL5ANIM)
Glossing Abbreviations: COMP = comparative, C = complementiser, ACS / ICS = accessible / inaccessible, GDV = gerundive, SPEC / NSPC = specific / non-specific, AG = agent, E = entity (person, animal, thing)
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Reyzadren
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Re: With

Post by Reyzadren »

Removed.
Last edited by Reyzadren on 07 Aug 2017 03:55, edited 1 time in total.
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Iyionaku
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Re: With

Post by Iyionaku »

Imralu wrote:She or he went for a walk with her or his dog.
Alienda matembezi (akiwa) na mbwa wake.

Code: Select all

a-li-end-a        matembezi (a-ki-w-a)             na   mbwa          w-ake
3s.ANIM-PST-go-Ö  walk(CL6) (3s.ANIM-SIMULT-be-Ö)  COM  dog(CL9ANIM)  CL1-GEN.3s
Adding the akiwa here basically makes it more equivalent to "He went for a walk having (or in possession of) his dog. I suppose it depends whether you see the dog as a companion on the walk or as a possession brought along on the walk.
In all my translations I treated the dog as a companion instead of a possession. It's just more how I regard pets. [:)]
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Imralu
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Re: With

Post by Imralu »

Iyionaku wrote:
Imralu wrote:She or he went for a walk with her or his dog.
Alienda matembezi (akiwa) na mbwa wake.

Code: Select all

a-li-end-a        matembezi (a-ki-w-a)             na   mbwa          w-ake
3s.ANIM-PST-go-Ö  walk(CL6) (3s.ANIM-SIMULT-be-Ö)  COM  dog(CL9ANIM)  CL1-GEN.3s
Adding the akiwa here basically makes it more equivalent to "He went for a walk having (or in possession of) his dog. I suppose it depends whether you see the dog as a companion on the walk or as a possession brought along on the walk.
In all my translations I treated the dog as a companion instead of a possession. It's just more how I regard pets. [:)]
Yeah, I found both in mentions of people walking with dogs in Swahili, so I included it because it's interesting.
Glossing Abbreviations: COMP = comparative, C = complementiser, ACS / ICS = accessible / inaccessible, GDV = gerundive, SPEC / NSPC = specific / non-specific, AG = agent, E = entity (person, animal, thing)
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