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In this lesson I will go through the Korean alphabet and the phonology.
Below are the Hanguel letters, followed by their romanisation and IPA pronunciation (According to Wikipedia)

Consonant phonemes:
ᄇ - b - /p~b/
ᄈ - pp - /p/ (tense)
ᄑ - p - /p/ (aspirated)
ᄆ - m - /m/
ᄃ - d - /t~d/
ᄄ - tt - /t/ (tense)
ᄐ - t - /t/ (aspirated)
ᄂ - n - /n/
ᄌ - j - should be Voiceless~voiced alveolo-palatal affricate, but it's not letting me copy and paste the symbol
ᄍ - jj - Same as above, but tense.
ᄎ - ch - Aspirated ᄌ.
ᄀ - g - /k~g/
ᄁ - kk - /k͈/ (tense)
ᄏ - k - /kʰʰ/ (aspirated)
ᄉ - s - /s/
ᄊ - ss - /s/ (tense)
ᄅ - r/l - /l~ɾɾ /(l~Spanish r)
ᄒ - h - /h~ɦ/(voiced/voiceless equivalents)
ᄋ- ng - /ŋ/ (Syllable final)
not pronounced (syllable initial)
Syllable initially, ᄋ is used as a null character and the syllable starts with the vowel attached to it.

Vowel phonemes (with null character):
아 - a - /a/
애 - ae - /ɛ/
야 - ya - /ja/
얘 - yae - /jɛ/
어 - eo - /ʌ/
에 - e - /e/
여 - yeo - /jʌ/
예 - ye - /je/
오 - o - /o/
와 - wa - /wa/
왜 - wae - /wɛ/
외 - oe - /ø/
요 - yo - /jo/
우 - u - /u/
워 - wo - /wʌ/
웨 - we - /we/
위 - wi - /ɥi/
유 - yu - /ju/
으 - eu - /ɯ/
의 - ui - /ɰi/
이 - i - /i/

Now that's done, lets see how the system works:
All phonemes in a syllable are squashed to fit in a box, with the initial consonant at the top, followed by a vowel to the right or below of it, and then another consonant below that.
Therefore the 'han' in hangeul is a combination of ᄒ, ᅡ and ᄂ, so is written 한
So, the second syllable 'geul' is written as 글.

Note that a syllable doesn't have to contain this amount of phonemes, there are a few consonant clusters that are allowed at the end of syllables, which are:
ㄳㄵㄶㄺㄻㄼㄽㄾㄿㅀ and ㅄ

A syllable can also be CV or just V, e.g. the verb 'to do' is written 하다 ('hada')

Fell free to ask me questions, I will post some exercises later!

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Cool. I've always had a soft spot for Hangul.
I look forward to the exercises.

I had one of my ESL students write my name for me but now I've lost the paper. :(

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Ikasmu ati'uki nai uraiur.
Hinai nimuśim naimi nai sasamiur urukani. Śi'ama nai huhumiur na ni'amuśim nai sasamiur.
Pumaki nimuśim śima'a na ami nimuśim ara'a. Hini nihrasum i'aku tumra urukani na nihrasum sanik hraspir.

Yeah, Hangul was pretty much the reason why I decided to learn some Korean.

A useful site for typing it: http://www.wandel.person.dk/korean.html

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Wow, I didn't know Hangul is so interesting. I've to try to learn. Do you have a short explanation to what that tense means? I once tried to find the answer, but I didn't.

I fixed some of the IPA for you. I'd also like an explanation of the 'tense' consonants.

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Ikasmu ati'uki nai uraiur.
Hinai nimuśim naimi nai sasamiur urukani. Śi'ama nai huhumiur na ni'amuśim nai sasamiur.
Pumaki nimuśim śima'a na ami nimuśim ara'a. Hini nihrasum i'aku tumra urukani na nihrasum sanik hraspir.

Well, I believe that a 'tense' consonant is unaspirated, and wikipedia states that they are pronounced "with the glottis partially closed" , and it is written in IPA as a consonant with "strong articulation"

Sorry if this explanation is a bit weird, but I'm only just getting to grips with it myself.

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You kind of have to push the back of your mouth (glottis possibly) upwards before you pronounce it, then release while pronouncing the unaspirated plosive.

If you compare /bIt/ and /bit/, the mouth position is similar to that found when pronouncing the vowel in the latter.

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力在公蝦米????

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Thanks, that's helped me too

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OK, time for the first exercise. Below are some romanised Korean sentences and phrases, what I want you to do is write them in Hangul!
Don't forget to use the spoiler thingy so you don't ruin the challenge for others!

Annyeonghaseyo. (Hello)

Naga don-eul meon-eoyo! (I eat money!)

Hagsaengchaeg-eul ilg-eoyo. (Students read books.)

I salam-i chingu-ida. (This man is my friend.)

Abeojiga sinmunleul ilg-eoyo. (My father read the newspaper.)

Just to let you know, these translations may not be 100% correct, but it doesn't matter because this exercise is simply for learning Hangul.

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I kinda lost focus halfway through.

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Ikasmu ati'uki nai uraiur.
Hinai nimuśim naimi nai sasamiur urukani. Śi'ama nai huhumiur na ni'amuśim nai sasamiur.
Pumaki nimuśim śima'a na ami nimuśim ara'a. Hini nihrasum i'aku tumra urukani na nihrasum sanik hraspir.

Very good Ossicone, just one mistake that I can spot:

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Am I supposed to get hangul letters somewhere or use that page you gave?
Thats hard.

Try the page that I gave, if you don't get along with it then let me know why and I'll try and find a better way of doing it.

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If a syllable ends with a vowel, how do I begin the second syllable so that its first consonant is not added in the end of the earlier one?

You see that there are three different groups of icons with the standard Hangul characters, find the group titled "Starting consonants" and select the consonant that you need from there.

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consonants, vowels, final vowels ??? Now I understood. They change, wow!

Good init.

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Windows has an input method for Korean, I think. I don't know if it uses any specific romanization system though.

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力在公蝦米????

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I'm almost 100% sure there is not a romanization system like Chinese or Japanese, but getting your PC to type in Korean is quite easy. For Windows 7 (possibly Vista):
Control Panel > Region and Language > Keyboards and Languages > Change keyboards... > Korean
Select Korean and Microsoft IME

Then you have to remember the keyboard layout.

You can switch by pressing ALT+SHIFT, or assigning your own keyboard shortcut. Now, it's as simple as typing what you want to type.

So if you want to type: hangeul:
type: gks rmf
한글

You can also enter in Hanja by typing in the hangul and clicking on the hanja icon. For example, type: gks wk:
한자
Then press the Hanja button, and select what you want:
漢字

Thanks, that's gonna take some getting used to...
I do have one problem, I tried switching the keyboards the way you suggested and it worked the first time, but then it wouldn't go back!

Is anyone else gonna do the first exercise or should I start lesson 2?

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